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Introduction

Laravel Nova is a beautiful administration dashboard for Laravel applications. Of course, the primary feature of Nova is the ability to administer your underlying database records using Eloquent. Nova accomplishes this by allowing you to define a Nova “resource” that corresponds to each Eloquent model in your application.

Defining Resources

By default, Nova resources are stored in the app/Nova directory of your application. You may generate a new resource using the nova:resource Artisan command:
The most basic and fundamental property of a resource is its model property. This property tells Nova which Eloquent model the resource corresponds to:
Freshly created Nova resources only contain an ID field definition. Don’t worry, we’ll add more fields to our resource soon.
Nova contains a few reserved words which may not be used for resource names:
  • Card
  • Dashboard
  • Field
  • Impersonate
  • Metric
  • Resource
  • Search
  • Script
  • Style
  • Tool

Registering Resources

By default, all resources within the app/Nova directory will automatically be registered with Nova. You are not required to manually register them.
Before resources are available within your Nova dashboard, they must first be registered with Nova. Resources are typically registered in your application’s app/Providers/NovaServiceProvider.php file. This file contains various configuration and bootstrapping code related to your Nova installation. As mentioned above, you are not required to manually register your resources; however, if you choose to do so, you may do so by overriding the resources method of your NovaServiceProvider. There are two approaches to manually registering resources. You may use the resourcesIn method to instruct Nova to register all Nova resources within a given directory. Alternatively, you may use the resources method to manually register individual resources:
Once your resources are registered with Nova, they will be available in the Nova sidebar:
Nova Dashboard

Dashboard

If you do not want a resource to appear in the sidebar, you may override the displayInNavigation property of your resource class:

Customizing Resource Menus

You can customize the resource’s menu by defining a menu method on your resource class:
Please refer to the documentation on menu customization for more information.

Grouping Resources

If you would like to separate resources into different sidebar groups, you may override the group property of your resource class:

Resource Table Style Customization

Nova supports a few visual customization options for your resources.

Table Styles

Sometimes it’s convenient to show more data on your resource index tables. To accomplish this, you can use the “tight” table style option designed to increase the visual density of your table rows. To accomplish this, override the static $tableStyle property or the static tableStyle method on your resource class:
This will display your table rows with less visual height, enabling more data to be shown:
Tight Table Style

Tight Table Style

Column Borders

You can instruct Nova to display column borders by overriding the static $showColumnBorders property or the static showColumnBorders method on your resource class:
Setting this property to true will instruct Nova to display the table with borders on every table item:
Table Column Borders

Table Column Borders

Resource Table Click Action

By default, when clicking on a resource table row, Nova will navigate to the detail view for the resource. However, you may want Nova to navigate to the edit form instead. You can customize this behavior by changing the clickAction property on the resource’s class:
Choosing the select option will select the resource row’s checkbox. The ignore option instructs Nova to ignore click events altogether.

Eager Loading

If you routinely need to access a resource’s relationships within your fields, resource title, or resource subtitle, it may be a good idea to add the relationship to the with property of your resource. This property instructs Nova to always eager load the listed relationships when retrieving the resource. For example, if you access a Post resource’s user relationship within the Post resource’s subtitle method, you should add the user relationship to the Post resource’s with property:

Resource Replication

Sometimes, you may want to create a new resource while using all of the data from an existing resource as a starting point. Nova’s resource replication feature does just that. After clicking the replicate button, you’ll be whisked away to a resource creation form with all of the replicated resource’s data hydrated into the form and ready for tweaking:
Resource Replication

Resource Replication

To customize the replication model, you can override the replicate method on the resource class:
Markdown and Trix fields that use the withFiles method may not be replicated.
If you need to store a reference to the original resource’s ID, you may access the fromResourceId value on the replication request. Typically, this value would be accessed from an event listener or observer that is listening for the model’s creating event:

Resource Events

All Nova operations use the typical save, delete, forceDelete, restore Eloquent methods you are familiar with. Therefore, it is easy to listen for model events triggered by Nova and react to them. The easiest approach is to simply attach a Laravel model observer to a model:
If you would like to attach an observer whose methods are invoked only during Nova related HTTP requests, you may register observers using the make method provided by the Laravel\Nova\Observable class. Typically, this should be done within your application’s NovaServiceProvider:
Alternatively, you can determine if the current HTTP request is serving a Nova related request within the Observer itself using Nova’s whenServing method:

Resource Hooks

Nova also allows you to define the following static methods on a resource to serve as hooks that are only invoked when the corresponding resource action is executed from within Laravel Nova:
  • afterCreate
  • afterUpdate
  • afterDelete
  • afterForceDelete
  • afterRestore
For example, you may want to send an email verification notification after a user has been created within Nova:

Preventing Conflicts

If a model has been updated since it was last retrieved by Nova, Nova will automatically respond with a 409 Conflict HTTP status code and display an error message to prevent unintentional model changes. This may occur if another user updates the model after you have opened the “Edit” page on the resource. This feature is also known as the Nova “Traffic Cop”.

Disabling Traffic Cop

If you are not concerned with preventing conflicts, you can disable the Traffic Cop feature by setting the trafficCop property to false on a given resource class:
You may also override the trafficCop method on the resource if you have more intense customization needs in order to determine if this feature should be enabled:
If you are experiencing issues with traffic cop you should ensure that your system time is correctly synchronized using NTP.

Resource Polling

Nova can automatically fetch the latest records for a resource at a specified interval. To enable polling, override the polling property of your Resource class:
To customize the polling interval, you may override the pollingInterval property on your resource class with the number of seconds Nova should wait before fetching new resource records:

Toggling Resource Polling

By default, when resource polling is enabled, there is no way to disable it once the page loads. You can instruct Nova to display a start / stop toggle button for resource polling by setting the showPollingToggle property on your resource class to true:
Nova will then display a clickable button that you may use to enable / disable polling for the resource:
Nova Resource Polling Toggle Button

Resource Polling

Redirection

Nova allows you to easily customize where a user is redirected after performing resource actions such as creating or updating a resource: Behind the scenes, Nova’s redirect features use Inertia.js’s visit method. Because of this, redirection is limited to paths within Laravel Nova. You may invoke the URL::remote method to redirect to an external URL:

After Creating Redirection

You may customize where a user is redirected after creating a resource using by overriding your resource’s redirectAfterCreate method:

After Updating Redirection

You may customize where a user is redirected after updating a resource using by overriding your resource’s redirectAfterUpdate method:

After Deletion Redirection

You may customize where a user is redirected after deleting a resource using by overriding your resource’s redirectAfterDelete method:

Pagination

Nova has the ability to show pagination links for your Resource listings. You can choose between three different styles: “simple”, “load-more”, and “links”, depending on your application’s needs:
Simple Pagination

Simple Pagination

Load-more Pagination

Load-more Pagination

Links Pagination

Links Pagination

By default, Nova Resources are displayed using the “simple” style. However, you may customize this to use either the load-more or links styles by changing the value of the pagination configuration option within your application’s config/nova.php configuration file:

Customizing Pagination

If you would like to customize the selectable maximum result amounts shown on each resource’s “per page” filter menu, you can do so by customizing the resource’s perPageOptions property:
Alternatively, you can override the perPageOptions method on your application’s base Resource class, which is created when you install Nova:
Changing the value of perPageOptions on your Resource will cause Nova to fetch the number of resources equal to the first value in the perPageOptions array.
Using the $perPageViaRelationship property, you may also customize the number of resources displayed when a particular resource is displayed on another resource’s detail view as a relationship:

CSV Export

Occasionally you may need to export a group of resource records as a CSV file so that you can interact with the data in a spreadsheet application or import the data into another system. Thankfully, Nova includes built-in support for exporting resource data. To get started, add the Laravel\Nova\Actions\ExportAsCsv action to your Nova resource:
If you would like to allow the user to name the CSV file that is downloaded, you may invoke the nameable method when registering the action:
If you would like to customize and format the fields that are included in the generated CSV, you may invoke the withFormat method when registering the action:

Resource Index Search Debounce

You may wish to customize the search debounce timing of an individual resource’s index listing. For example, the queries executed to retrieve some resources may take longer than others. You can customize an individual resource’s search debounce by setting the debounce property on the resource class:

Keyboard Shortcuts

You may press the C key on a resource index to navigate to the “Create Resource” page. On the resource detail page, the E key may be used to navigate to the “Update Resource” page.